Complete guide to studying in Romania
Everything you need to know about becoming an international student in Romania
Five top reasons to study in Romania
- High-quality education in English and other major languages
- Degrees recognised across Europe
- Affordable – low tuition fees and living costs
- Rich culture & vibrant student environments
- Growing international outlook & career opportunities
A quick introduction to Romania
Located in Eastern Europe, Romania is a country of contrasts, from medieval towns and fortified castles to vibrant modern cities and the wild beauty of the Carpathian Mountains and Black Sea coast. It shares borders with Hungary, Serbia, Ukraine, Moldova and Bulgaria, making it well placed for exploring other parts of Central and Eastern Europe.
Romania is an ideal destination for international students seeking a high-quality education at an affordable cost, in a culturally rich and welcoming environment. The country combines a long academic tradition with a growing international outlook, offering students an authentic European experience in a unique setting.
As a member of both the European Union and the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), Romania’s higher education system follows the Bologna Process, ensuring that degrees and ECTS credits earned in Romania are recognised across Europe and internationally.
Romanian universities are well known for their academic excellence in fields such as medicine, engineering, technology and the arts, and they are increasingly offering programmes taught in English, French and German, as well as Romanian.
With its low tuition fees, affordable living costs and a growing international student community, Romania is becoming an attractive study destination for students from around the world. The capital city Bucharest, along with university centres such as Cluj-Napoca, Iași, Timișoara and Brașov, offer lively student environments, a mix of modern and historic architecture, and plenty of cultural and social life to enjoy alongside your studies.
Romania’s higher education system
Romania is part of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and follows the Bologna Process, meaning that degrees and credits earned at Romanian universities are fully compatible with the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS). This ensures that qualifications from Romanian institutions are recognised across Europe and internationally.
The country has a long academic tradition, with some of its universities dating back to the 19th century. Today, Romania’s higher education system combines academic excellence, research and professional training, offering a wide variety of programmes at bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral levels.
Universities (Universități)
Traditional universities in Romania offer a broad range of academic and research-based programmes in disciplines such as humanities, sciences, medicine, engineering and economics.
These institutions place a strong emphasis on theoretical learning and scientific research, preparing students for both academic and professional careers.
Most universities in Romania are publicly funded, providing high-quality education at affordable tuition fees, which makes them particularly attractive to international students.
Public universities are known for their research output and academic reputation, often collaborating with European institutions through Erasmus+ and other exchange programmes.
Notable examples include the University of Bucharest, Babeș-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca, the University of Iași (Alexandru Ioan Cuza University), the West University of Timișoara and the Politehnica University of Bucharest.
Universities of Applied Sciences and Technical Universities
In addition to comprehensive universities, Romania also has technical universities and universities of applied sciences that focus on practical and professional training.
These institutions are ideal for students who want to gain hands-on experience and industry-relevant skills in fields such as engineering, architecture, IT and agriculture.
Examples include the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, the Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași and the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest.
Private Universities
Romania also has a number of private universities, which have grown in number since the early 1990s.
These institutions are independently funded and tend to offer programmes in areas such as business, law, communication and social sciences.
While tuition fees at private universities are generally higher than at public ones, class sizes are smaller and courses often have a strong focus on employability and practical learning.
Examples include the Romanian-American University, the Spiru Haret University and the Titu Maiorescu University, all based in Bucharest.
Arts and Specialised Institutions
Romania is also home to several academies and specialised institutions dedicated to the arts, music, theatre and film. These schools offer highly respected programmes for students pursuing creative or performance-based degrees.
Notable examples include the National University of Music Bucharest, the National University of Theatre and Film “I.L. Caragiale” (UNATC) and the National University of Arts Bucharest.
University rankings
For international students, university rankings can be a helpful tool when choosing where to study, as they provide insights into the quality of teaching, research performance and international engagement of each institution.
These rankings typically assess factors such as academic reputation, student-to-staff ratios, research impact, and the proportion of international students and faculty.
Our table below highlights the Romanian universities featured in leading global ranking tables, reflecting the established international profile of higher education in Romania.
| University | Times Higher Education World University Ranking | Best Global Universities | QS World University Ranking |
| Bucharest University of Economic Studies | 801-1000 | =1048 | |
| University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila | 801-1000 | =806 | |
| University of Bucharest | 1001-1200 | =930 | 761-770 |
| University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova | 1001-1200 | =1917 | |
| Babeş-Bolyai University | 1201-1500 | =785 | 761-770 |
| Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca | 1201-1500 | =1695 | |
| USAMV Cluj-Napoca | 1201-1500 | ||
| Alexandru Ioan Cuza University | 1501+ | =1354 | 1001-1200 |
| Dunarea de Jos University of Galati | 1501+ | ||
| George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures | 1501+ | =2070 | |
| Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iaşi | 1501+ | =1967 | 1201-1400 |
| Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy | 1501+ | =2188 | |
| Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu | 1501+ | ||
| Ovidius University of Constanța | 1501+ | ||
| Polytechnic University of Bucharest | 1501+ | =1117 | 1201-1400 |
Climate
Like many Central and Eastern European countries, Romania has a temperate-continental climate, which means you can expect four distinct seasons with warm summers, cold winters and mild, pleasant periods in between.
The country’s weather can vary depending on where you live, from the cooler mountain regions of Transylvania to the warmer lowlands and coastal areas near the Black Sea.
Spring in Romania begins in March, when the weather gradually warms after the winter.
Average temperatures range from 10-15°C (50-59°F). Rain showers are common during this season, but there are also many bright, sunny days.
Summer starts in June and lasts until August, bringing long, hot days and plenty of sunshine.
Average daytime temperatures range between 25-30°C (77-86°F), though it can reach higher in southern and eastern regions such as Bucharest and Constanța. In the mountains, the air stays cooler, making Transylvania and the Carpathians popular for hiking and exploring.
Autumn arrives in September, with cooler temperatures of around 15-20°C (59-68°F) and less intense sunlight.
It’s one of the most picturesque times of year, as the forests turn shades of red, orange, and gold. By November, temperatures begin to drop further, especially in the north and interior regions.
Winter in Romania begins in December and lasts until February. Temperatures often fall below 0°C (32°F), particularly in central and northern regions. Snow is common, especially in the Carpathian Mountains and Transylvania, creating perfect conditions for skiing and winter sports.
The climate you experience will depend on where you choose to study.
In Bucharest and other southern cities, expect hot summers and chilly but manageable winters.
In Cluj-Napoca, Iași and Timișoara, the weather is slightly cooler and more variable.
Along the Black Sea coast in cities such as Constanța, you’ll enjoy milder winters and breezier summers influenced by the sea air.
Lifestyle and welfare
Healthcare
Romania offers a comprehensive public healthcare system, with medical services available in both public and private hospitals and clinics.
Standards of care are generally good. Many doctors, especially in larger cities, speak English or another foreign language, making it easier for international students to access care.
If you are an EU/EEA student, you can use your European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) to access the same public healthcare services as Romanian citizens. This includes visits to general practitioners (GPs), emergency services, hospital care and prescription medication at reduced costs.
If you are a non-EU/EEA student, you must arrange private health insurance before arriving in Romania. Some universities require proof of insurance as part of the enrolment process, and many can recommend suitable providers. Private healthcare is widely available and still relatively affordable compared to Western Europe.
Safety
Romania is generally a safe and welcoming country for international students. The country has a low rate of violent crime and university cities such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iași and Timișoara are known for their friendly, student-oriented atmospheres.
As in most European countries, petty theft can occur in crowded areas or on public transport, so it’s advisable to take normal precautions. However, serious crime is rare and most students find Romania to be a secure and comfortable place to live and study.
Romanians are known for being warm, hospitable and community-minded, and international students are generally made to feel welcome both on campus and in the wider community.
Leisure
Romania offers an excellent balance between study and leisure, with plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities, travel and cultural exploration. The country’s diverse landscape means that you can go skiing in the Carpathian Mountains in winter, hiking or cycling through scenic countryside in summer, or relaxing by the Black Sea coast during warmer months.
Cities such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca and Timișoara have vibrant cultural scenes with museums, music festivals, theatres and a lively café culture. Student organisations and university clubs regularly organise events, making it easy to meet people and enjoy life outside the classroom.
Food
Romanian cuisine is hearty and flavourful, reflecting a mix of Central European, Balkan and Mediterranean influences. Meals often feature meat, potatoes, fresh vegetables and dairy, with plenty of soups and stews. University canteens and local eateries offer affordable daily meals, while supermarkets provide a wide range of local and international food products.
Eating out is generally less expensive than in Western Europe and sharing home-cooked meals with friends is a popular part of student life.
Some traditional Romanian dishes you should try include:
- Sarmale – cabbage rolls stuffed with minced meat and rice.
- Mămăligă – a cornmeal porridge similar to polenta, often served with cheese or sour cream.
- Ciorbă de burtă – creamy tripe soup, a local delicacy.
- Papanasi – sweet fried doughnuts filled with cottage cheese and topped with jam and cream.
Coffee culture is thriving in Romanian cities, with independent cafés and modern coffee shops offering great spaces to study or socialise.
Transport
Romania has an extensive and affordable public transport network, making it easy for students to travel around cities and between regions. In major cities like Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca and Iași, you’ll find buses, trams, trolleybuses and metro services.
Students are eligible for discounted fares, often up to 50% off regular ticket prices.
For travel between cities, trains are a popular and inexpensive option, with scenic routes connecting most major destinations. Long-distance buses are also frequent and affordable, while budget airlines connect Romania with the rest of Europe via airports in Bucharest, Cluj and Timișoara.
Romania’s mix of modern infrastructure, welcoming people and affordable living costs makes it an excellent choice for international students seeking a balanced, enjoyable lifestyle alongside their studies.
Language
The official language of Romania is Romanian, a Romance language closely related to Italian, French and Spanish. It is spoken as a first language by the vast majority of the population and is used in all aspects of daily life, education and government.
For international students, one of Romania’s great advantages is that many universities offer degree programmes taught in English, especially in fields such as medicine, engineering, business and computer science.
In addition to English-taught courses, some universities also offer programmes in French or German, reflecting the country’s strong historical and cultural ties with Western Europe.
English is widely spoken among young people and in university cities such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Iași and Timișoara, so international students can comfortably navigate everyday life, from classes and shopping to socialising.
While it is not essential to learn Romanian to study in Romania, picking up some basic phrases will greatly enhance your experience, allowing you to chat more easily with locals.
Many universities even offer free or low-cost Romanian language courses for international students, giving you the opportunity to develop your skills over time.
University cities
Romania offers international students a choice of lively and welcoming university cities, each with its own character, history, and atmosphere.
From bustling capitals to charming regional centres, these cities combine academic excellence with affordable living and a rich cultural experience.
Bucharest
The capital city, Bucharest, is Romania’s largest and most cosmopolitan university hub.
Home to some of the country’s top institutions, including the University of Bucharest, the Bucharest University of Economic Studies, and the Politehnica University of Bucharest, it attracts a large and diverse student population.
Bucharest offers everything you would expect from a major European capital: museums, theatres, festivals, shopping and a dynamic nightlife.
Despite its size, living costs remain affordable compared to Western Europe. The city’s café culture and green spaces make it a vibrant yet comfortable place to live and study.
Cluj-Napoca
Often regarded as Romania’s student capital, Cluj-Napoca is located in the heart of Transylvania and is home to several prestigious institutions, including Babeș-Bolyai University, the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca and the University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
The city has a youthful, creative atmosphere, shaped by its large student community. Cluj is known for its music festivals, art scene and friendly locals. It’s also surrounded by mountains and forests, offering plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities.
Iași
Located in northeastern Romania, Iași is one of the country’s oldest and most historic cities, known as a cultural and academic centre. It is home to Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania’s oldest higher education institution and several other universities specialising in medicine, engineering and the arts.
Iași combines rich architectural heritage with a warm and relaxed atmosphere. The city’s numerous libraries, theatres and student cafés make it an inspiring environment for study and creativity.
Timișoara
Situated near the borders with Serbia and Hungary, Timișoara is a multicultural and forward-looking city that was named a European Capital of Culture for 2023. It is home to the West University of Timișoara and the Politehnica University of Timișoara, both of which have strong international links.
The city is known for its vibrant squares, parks and outdoor cafés, as well as its lively arts and music scene. Timișoara’s location makes it easy to travel across Central Europe, and its international outlook creates a welcoming environment for foreign students.
Brașov
Nestled in the Carpathian Mountains, Brașov offers students a stunning natural setting along with a peaceful and friendly atmosphere. The Transilvania University of Brașov is the city’s main institution, known for its programmes in engineering, economics and environmental science.
Brașov’s medieval old town, nearby ski resorts and close proximity to Bran Castle (often associated with the Dracula legend) make it one of Romania’s most scenic and distinctive student destinations.
Student visa
If you are an international student planning to study in Romania, your visa requirements will depend on your nationality and the length of your studies.
Students from EU/EEA countries and Switzerland do not need a student visa to study in Romania. However, if you plan to stay longer than 90 days, you must register your residence with the Romanian Immigration Office within 90 days of arrival. This registration gives you the right to live and study in Romania for the duration of your course.
Students from non-EU/EEA countries will need to apply for a long-stay student visa (Visa D/SD) before travelling to Romania. This visa allows you to enter the country for study purposes and is valid for up to 90 days, during which you must apply for a residence permit to continue your stay legally.
To apply for a Romanian student visa, you will generally need to provide:
- An official letter of acceptance from a recognised Romanian university (issued by the Ministry of Education)
- Proof of financial means to cover tuition fees and living costs
- Valid health insurance for the duration of your stay
- Proof of accommodation in Romania
- A valid passport and passport-sized photos
- Receipt of visa fee payment
Applications are typically submitted to the nearest Romanian embassy or consulate in your home country, and processing can take several weeks, so it is recommended to apply at least two to three months before your course starts.
Once in Romania, you must apply for a temporary residence permit at the local Immigration Office before your visa expires. This permit is usually valid for one year and can be renewed annually for the duration of your studies.
Costs of studying
Course fees
Romania is known for offering high-quality education at relatively low tuition fees, making it one of the most affordable study destinations in the European Union.
At public universities, tuition fees for international students typically range between €2,000 and €6,000 per year, depending on the subject, institution and level of study.
Programmes in medicine, dentistry and engineering are generally at the higher end of this range, medicine programmes sometimes exceed €7,000-€9,000 per year for non-EU students. Courses in humanities and social sciences are often lower.
EU/EEA students may pay reduced tuition fees or study under the same conditions as Romanian students, depending on bilateral agreements or university policies.
Private universities in Romania tend to charge higher tuition fees, usually between €3,000 and €10,000 per year, but they often offer smaller class sizes and more flexible learning environments.
Doctoral (PhD) programmes at public universities may be partially or fully funded, particularly for research-focused students, while some institutions offer scholarships to outstanding international applicants.
Living costs
Romania has a low cost of living compared to most Western European countries, allowing students to enjoy a comfortable lifestyle on a moderate budget.
You should budget approximately €500-€900 per month to cover accommodation, food, transport and personal expenses, depending on your city and lifestyle.
- Accommodation: University dormitories cost between €100-€200 per month, while renting a private apartment or shared flat can range from €250-€500 per month in most cities.
- Bucharest is the most expensive, while cities like Iași, Cluj-Napoca and Timișoara are slightly more affordable.
- Food and groceries: Expect to spend around €150-€250 per month. Student canteens and local eateries offer inexpensive meals, and supermarkets are well stocked with affordable options.
- Transport: Public transport is reliable and inexpensive. Monthly student passes typically cost between €10-€20, and many cities offer discounts of up to 50% for students.
Scholarships
There are several scholarship opportunities available for international students wishing to study in Romania, including:
- Romanian Government Scholarships for non-EU students, which may cover tuition, accommodation and a monthly fixed sum.
- University-specific scholarships, based on academic merit or financial need.
- Erasmus+ exchange grants for EU/EEA students.
With its combination of low tuition fees, affordable living costs, and available scholarships, Romania provides excellent value for money for international students looking to earn a European degree in a culturally rich and welcoming environment.
How to apply to university
The academic year in Romania generally starts in October, with some universities also offering a February intake for certain programmes.
Unlike some other European countries, Romania does not have a single centralised application system for higher education. Instead, international students normally apply directly to their chosen university through the institution’s online application portal or admissions office.
When applying, you will need to submit your academic transcripts, diplomas, proof of language proficiency and a copy of your passport. Most universities require certified translations of documents that are not in English, French, or Romanian.
If you are from a non-EU/EEA country, once your university accepts your application, it will issue an official Letter of Acceptance approved by the Romanian Ministry of Education. You’ll need this document when applying for your student visa before travelling to Romania.
Each university sets its own application deadlines, but most institutions accept applications between April and July for autumn entry. To ensure enough time for document verification and visa processing, it’s best to apply several months before your intended start date.
Job prospects for international students
Romania’s growing economy and increasing international links offer good opportunities for international graduates looking to start their careers in Europe.
A degree from a recognised Romanian university is respected across the European Union and can strengthen your CV both locally and abroad.
International students are allowed to work part-time during their studies, typically up to 20 hours per week, provided they hold a valid residence permit.
Many students take on part-time work in areas such as hospitality, retail or administration, and some universities offer internships or career support services to help you gain experience in your field.
After graduation, international students from non-EU/EEA countries can stay in Romania to look for full-time employment by applying for a work permit and residence extension through their employer.
Graduates who find suitable employment may continue to live and work in Romania under a Skilled Worker residence permit.
Students from EU/EEA countries do not require a work permit and can stay and work in Romania freely.
Romania’s key employment sectors include IT and technology, engineering, business services, healthcare and manufacturing, with many multinational companies operating in major cities such as Bucharest, Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara and Iași.
Frequently asked questions
Is it free to study in Romania?
No. Tuition fees for international students at public universities are usually between €2,000 and €6,000 per year, depending on the subject and level of study. EU/EEA students often pay reduced fees or the same rates as Romanian students.
Am I allowed to work while I study?
Yes. With a valid residence permit, non-EU/EEA students can work part-time (up to 20 hours per week) during term time. EU/EEA students can work freely without restrictions.
Can I stay in Romania after graduation?
Yes. Non-EU/EEA graduates can apply for a work permit and residence extension through their employer once they secure a job. EU/EEA graduates can stay and work freely in Romania.
What language are courses taught in?
Most programmes in Romania are taught in Romanian, but there are many options in English, French and German, especially in fields like medicine, engineering and business. Learning some Romanian is recommended to make daily life easier.
Do I need health insurance?
Yes. EU/EEA students can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) to access Romania’s public healthcare system. Non-EU/EEA students must have private health insurance covering the duration of their studies.